High Resolution Calorimeter

• Introduction
• General Design Considerations
• General Layout
• Calorimeter Construction
  • The Forward and Rear Calorimeters
    • Overview
    • Mechanical Design
    • Absorber Plates
    • Spacers
    • The C-frame.
    • Tensioning Elements
    • PM Housing
    • Finite element calculations for FCAL and RCAL
    • Prototype Modules
  • F/RCAL Module Construction
    • Module assembly at NIKHEF
    • Module Assembly in Canada
    • Mounting WLS Cassettes and Straps
  • F/RCAL Module Transport
    • Transportation from NIKHEF
    • Transportation from Canada
  • F/RCAL Installation in South Hall
  • Barrel Calorimeter
    • General Description
    • Description of a BCAL Module
  • BCAL Construction
    • Mechanical Support Structures for the HAC
    • Mechanical Support Structures for the EMC
    • Mating the HAC and EMC
    • Intermodule Gap
    • Prototype Program
    • Fabrication of Components
    • Assembly of the Modules
  • BCAL transport
    • Shipping of Modules
  • BCAL Installation
    • Installation Procedure
    • History of Module Construction
  • Inventory
    • Forward Calorimeter
    • Barrel Calorimeter
    • Rear Calorimeter
• Optical Readout
  • Introduction
  • The Scintillator Material
  • The Wave-Length Shifter Material
  • Uniformity and Light Yield Optimization F/RCAL
    • Scintillators
    • Wave-Length Shifters
  • BCAL Uniformity and Light Yield Optimization
    • Scintillators
    • Wave-Length Shifters/Light Guides
    • Reflective Correction Masks
    • Light Yield of BCAL Towers
  • F/RCAL Production Procedures/Quality Control of Optical Components
    • Scintillators
    • Wave-Length Shifters
  • BCAL Production Procedures/Quality Control
    • Scintillators
    • WLS/Light Guide Forming
  • Radiation Stability Tests of Scintillators and Wave-Length Shifters
• Magnetic Field and Photomultipliers
  • Introduction
    • Shielding Measurements at Tokyo
  • Photomultipliers
    • Choice of Photomultipliers
  • PM Properties as measured at DESY
    • Temperature dependence
    • Anode current dependence
    • Recovery time after reducing high voltage
    • Response to a flash
    • HV dependence of transit times
  • PMQuality Control and Acceptance for F/RCAL
    • PM series test at Tokyo
    • PM series test at DESY
  • PM-Quality Control and Acceptance for BCAL
    • Introduction
    • Testing statistics
    • Gain measurements
    • DC gain
    • Gain stability
    • Dark currents
    • Measurement of relative quantum efficiency
    • PM lifetime
  • PM Bases and HV Control F/RCAL
  • PM Bases and HV Control BCAL
  • PM data base
• Readout Electronics for the Calorimeter
  • Introduction
    • Requirements on the Readout System
  • Readout Scheme
  • Analog Card
    • High/Low Gain Split
    • Pulse Sampling Principle
    • Charge Scale
    • Analog Pipeline
    • Analog Buffer/Multiplexer
    • Calibration and Monitoring
  • Digital Card
    • Use of a Digital Signal Processor
  • Control-cards
  • Readout Control-Sub System Crate
    • The NIKHEF 2TP-Module
    • Readout of the Digital Cards
    • Transport to the Sub-System Crate
  • General Framework
• Calorimeter First and Second Level Trigger
  • Trigger Towers
  • Analog Signal Path
  • The Trigger Encoder Card
  • The Trigger Adder Card
  • The Calorimeter First Level Trigger Processor
  • Calorimeter Second Level Trigger (CSLT)
    • Calorimeter Mapping
    • Trigger Processing
• Calorimeter Equipment Computer and Data Acquisition Software
  • Introduction
  • Calorimeter Equipment Computer
  • Connection of CALEC to the Transputer Network
  • Connection to CDAQ
    • Calorimeter Run Control
    • Error Handling
    • Histogram Presenter
  • Overview of Software on CALEC
    • Online Analysis Tool
    • Run Control
    • Calibration
    • Data Quality Monitoring
    • Histograms on the Transputer Network
    • Status Manager
    • High Voltage Server
  • Calorimeter Slow Control
    • Scope of the Slow Control System
    • Notes on the CSC Implementation
• Monitoring and Calibration
  • Introduction
  • Electronics Calibration
    • Introduction
    • DC Voltage on Analog Card
  • Charge Injectors
    • Calibration Scheme
    • Determination of Voltage to ADC Counts Constant
    • Determination of the Cable Pileup Constant
    • Pedestals and Gains
    • Shaper Calibration and Charge Scale
    • Time Measurement
    • DU Measurement Calibration
  • Summary of Calibration Constants and Reference Values
  • The light flasher Calibration
    • Introduction
    • The Laser Calibration System
    • F/RCAL Light Distribution, LED System and Tests
    • BCAL Light Distribution and Tests
  • Magnetic Field Effects
  • Absolute Energy Scale Determination from Beam Tests
    • Forward and Rear Calorimeter
• Results from Test Experiments on Calorimeter Performance
  • Overview
  • FCAL Prototype Test Results
    • Description of the modules
    • Test setup
    • Calibration of the calorimeter
    • Energy resolution, e/h and linearity
    • Uniformity of Response
    • Position Resolution
    • Energy Resolution for Jets, Effect of Absorber
    • Hadron/Electron Rejection
  • Beam Test of the ZEUS FCAL and RCAL
    • Introduction
    • Test procedure
    • Beam test procedure
    • Charge and time reconstruction
    • Test results
    • Linearity
    • Test of the EMC sections
    • Test of the HAC sections
    • Light yield of EMC sections
    • Attenuation length of scintillator
    • Other results
  • Test of FCAL and RCAL Modules with Cosmic Rays
    • Experimental Setup
    • Test procedure
    • Preliminary Results
  • Source Scans of FCAL/RCAL
    • Experimental Set-up
    • Stability Tests of Source Tubes in RCAL
    • Experimental Results
    • Analysis of the data
    • Light attenuation in the WLS
    • Assembly Faults
  • BCAL Module Test and Calibration
    • Testbeam Calibration
    • Experimental Apparatus.
    • Event selection.
    • PM Gain Setting.
    • Spectrometer Calibration.
    • Calibration with Muons.
    • Calibration with Electrons.
    • Calibration with Hadrons.
  • Cosmic Ray Tests of the BCAL Modules
  • Source Calibration of BCAL
• Calorimeter Monte Carlo (Physics Aspects and Comparison to Data)
  • Introduction
  • Computational Methods for Calorimeter Physics Simulation
    • The Sampling Fractions for Mips, Muons and Electrons
    • The Sampling Fraction of Hadrons
  • The HERMES Full Monte Carlo System
    • Acceleration of the HERMES Shower Codes
    • Vectorization Concept
    • Performance Tests of the Vectorized Code
    • The Shower Termination Concept
    • Performance Test of the Shower Termination
    • ZEUS Test Experiment Simulations with HERMES
  • The FLUKA Monte Carlo and its Descendants
  • ZEUS Calorimeter Simulation in GEANT
  • Fast Shower Monte Carlo
• Costs
• References